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- Image.h/.cpp：头 104 布局逐字段、SHA-256 增量状态机（update/process/final）、 校验项清单（from）、型号标识契约、func_row/const_entry/data_len 等访问器语义 - Machine.h/.cpp：Fault 枚举逐项、create 校验顺序（解析→SHA→型号）、 调用约定（r0 结果/r1..r7 实参）、exec_one 取指/计数/分发流程、 do_call/do_ret 帧语义、do_cal 八 FB 字段布局、slot_get/set 边界契约
387 lines
13 KiB
C++
387 lines
13 KiB
C++
/**
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* @file Image.cpp
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* @brief vm 自带的 .stb 只读视图实现（执行器侧；compiler 各有实现）
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* @author
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* @date 2026-08-21
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*/
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#include "vm/Image.h"
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#include <cstring>
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#include <string>
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namespace vm {
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namespace {
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/// 映像魔数："STSC" 小端。
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const uint32_t kMagic = 0x43545353u;
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/// 映像格式版本。
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const uint32_t kVersion = 1;
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/// 映像头字节数（72 原字段 + 型号标识[32] @72，12.13 修订）。
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const size_t kHeaderSize = 104;
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/// 常量表一行字节数（tag:4 + value:8）。
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const size_t kConstEntrySize = 12;
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/// 函数表一行字节数（nregs/code_offset/code_len 各 4）。
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const size_t kFuncRowSize = 12;
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/// SHA-256 摘要长度（文件尾）。
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const size_t kSha256Size = 32;
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/// 型号标识长度（头内 @72，不足补 '\0'）。
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const size_t kModelIdSize = 32;
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/// 小端读 32 位。
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uint32_t get_le32(const uint8_t* p) {
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return static_cast<uint32_t>(p[0])
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| (static_cast<uint32_t>(p[1]) << 8)
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| (static_cast<uint32_t>(p[2]) << 16)
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| (static_cast<uint32_t>(p[3]) << 24);
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}
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/// 小端读 64 位。
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uint64_t get_le64(const uint8_t* p) {
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uint64_t v = 0;
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for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
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v |= static_cast<uint64_t>(p[i]) << (8 * i);
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}
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return v;
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}
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// ---- SHA-256（执行器侧实现，与 compiler 各一份）----
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/// SHA-256 轮常量 K[0..63]。
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const uint32_t kShaK[64] = {
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0x428a2f98, 0x71374491, 0xb5c0fbcf, 0xe9b5dba5, 0x3956c25b, 0x59f111f1,
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0x923f82a4, 0xab1c5ed5, 0xd807aa98, 0x12835b01, 0x243185be, 0x550c7dc3,
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0x72be5d74, 0x80deb1fe, 0x9bdc06a7, 0xc19bf174, 0xe49b69c1, 0xefbe4786,
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0x0fc19dc6, 0x240ca1cc, 0x2de92c6f, 0x4a7484aa, 0x5cb0a9dc, 0x76f988da,
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0x983e5152, 0xa831c66d, 0xb00327c8, 0xbf597fc7, 0xc6e00bf3, 0xd5a79147,
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0x06ca6351, 0x14292967, 0x27b70a85, 0x2e1b2138, 0x4d2c6dfc, 0x53380d13,
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0x650a7354, 0x766a0abb, 0x81c2c92e, 0x92722c85, 0xa2bfe8a1, 0xa81a664b,
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0xc24b8b70, 0xc76c51a3, 0xd192e819, 0xd6990624, 0xf40e3585, 0x106aa070,
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0x19a4c116, 0x1e376c08, 0x2748774c, 0x34b0bcb5, 0x391c0cb3, 0x4ed8aa4a,
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0x5b9cca4f, 0x682e6ff3, 0x748f82ee, 0x78a5636f, 0x84c87814, 0x8cc70208,
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0x90befffa, 0xa4506ceb, 0xbef9a3f7, 0xc67178f2,
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};
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/// 循环右移。
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inline uint32_t rotr(uint32_t x, uint32_t n) { return (x >> n) | (x << (32 - n)); }
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/**
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* @brief SHA-256 增量状态机。
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* @details 标准 FIPS 180-4 实现：update() 吸收任意长度字节流，final() 输出
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* 32 字节大端摘要。按 64 字节块 process()。
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*/
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struct Sha256 {
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uint32_t h[8] = {0x6a09e667, 0xbb67ae85, 0x3c6ef372, 0xa54ff53a,
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0x510e527f, 0x9b05688c, 0x1f83d9ab, 0x5be0cd19}; ///< 初始哈希值
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uint64_t total = 0; ///< 已吸收字节数（final 时编码进长度域）
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uint8_t block[64]; ///< 当前块缓冲
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size_t block_len = 0; ///< 块缓冲已用字节数
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/**
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* @brief 吸收数据。
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* @param data 输入字节
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* @param len 字节数
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*/
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void update(const uint8_t* data, size_t len) {
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total += len;
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while (len > 0) {
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const size_t n = (block_len < 64) ? (64 - block_len) : 0;
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const size_t take = len < n ? len : n;
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if (take == 0) {
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break;
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}
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for (size_t i = 0; i < take; ++i) {
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block[block_len + i] = data[i];
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}
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block_len += take;
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data += take;
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len -= take;
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if (block_len == 64) {
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process();
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block_len = 0;
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}
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}
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}
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/// 压缩一个满块（64 字节，w[0..63] 展开 + 64 轮）。
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void process() {
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uint32_t w[64];
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for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
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w[i] = get_be32(block + i * 4);
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}
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for (int i = 16; i < 64; ++i) {
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const uint32_t s0 = rotr(w[i - 15], 7) ^ rotr(w[i - 15], 18) ^ (w[i - 15] >> 3);
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const uint32_t s1 = rotr(w[i - 2], 17) ^ rotr(w[i - 2], 19) ^ (w[i - 2] >> 10);
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w[i] = w[i - 16] + s0 + w[i - 7] + s1;
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}
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uint32_t a = h[0], b = h[1], c = h[2], d = h[3];
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uint32_t e = h[4], f = h[5], g = h[6], hh = h[7];
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for (int i = 0; i < 64; ++i) {
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const uint32_t s1 = rotr(e, 6) ^ rotr(e, 11) ^ rotr(e, 25);
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const uint32_t ch = (e & f) ^ (~e & g);
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const uint32_t t1 = hh + s1 + ch + kShaK[i] + w[i];
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const uint32_t s0 = rotr(a, 2) ^ rotr(a, 13) ^ rotr(a, 22);
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const uint32_t maj = (a & b) ^ (a & c) ^ (b & c);
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const uint32_t t2 = s0 + maj;
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hh = g;
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g = f;
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f = e;
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e = d + t1;
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d = c;
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c = b;
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b = a;
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a = t1 + t2;
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}
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h[0] += a; h[1] += b; h[2] += c; h[3] += d;
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h[4] += e; h[5] += f; h[6] += g; h[7] += hh;
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}
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/**
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* @brief 结束并输出摘要。
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* @param out 32 字节输出缓冲（大端）
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*/
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void final(uint8_t out[32]) {
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const uint64_t bitlen = total * 8;
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const uint8_t pad = 0x80;
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update(&pad, 1);
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const uint8_t zeros[64] = {0};
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while (block_len != 56) {
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const size_t n = (block_len < 56) ? (56 - block_len) : (64 - block_len);
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update(zeros, n);
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}
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for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
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const uint8_t b2[1] = {static_cast<uint8_t>((bitlen >> (56 - 8 * i)) & 0xFF)};
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update(b2, 1);
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}
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for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
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out[i * 4 + 0] = static_cast<uint8_t>((h[i] >> 24) & 0xFF);
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out[i * 4 + 1] = static_cast<uint8_t>((h[i] >> 16) & 0xFF);
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out[i * 4 + 2] = static_cast<uint8_t>((h[i] >> 8) & 0xFF);
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out[i * 4 + 3] = static_cast<uint8_t>(h[i] & 0xFF);
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}
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}
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/// 大端读 32 位。
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static uint32_t get_be32(const uint8_t* p) {
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return (static_cast<uint32_t>(p[0]) << 24) | (static_cast<uint32_t>(p[1]) << 16) |
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(static_cast<uint32_t>(p[2]) << 8) | static_cast<uint32_t>(p[3]);
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}
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};
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/**
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* @brief 一次性 SHA-256。
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* @param data 输入字节
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* @param len 字节数
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* @param out 32 字节摘要输出
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*/
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void sha256(const uint8_t* data, size_t len, uint8_t out[32]) {
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Sha256 s;
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s.update(data, len);
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s.final(out);
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}
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/**
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* @brief 按型号标识约定填充 32 字节：name + version（如 "STATOR1"），余下补 '\0'。
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* @param name 型号名
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* @param version 版本号
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* @param out 32 字节输出缓冲
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*/
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void fill_model_id(const std::string& name, uint32_t version, char out[32]) {
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const std::string id = name + std::to_string(version);
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for (size_t i = 0; i < 32; ++i) {
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out[i] = i < id.size() ? id[i] : '\0';
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}
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}
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} // namespace
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/**
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* @brief 从原始字节构造只读视图（不拷贝，调用方保证生命周期）。
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* @param buf 映像缓冲；可为 nullptr
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* @param len 缓冲字节数
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* @return 校验结果；ok() 判成功，error() 取失败原因
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*/
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Image Image::from(const uint8_t* buf, size_t len) {
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Image v;
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v.buf_ = buf;
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v.len_ = len;
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if (buf == nullptr) {
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v.err_ = "null buffer";
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return v;
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}
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if (len < kHeaderSize) {
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v.err_ = "image too short";
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return v;
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}
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if (get_le32(buf + 0) != kMagic) {
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v.err_ = "bad magic";
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return v;
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}
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if (get_le32(buf + 4) != kVersion) {
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v.err_ = "bad version";
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return v;
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}
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ImageHeader& h = v.hdr_;
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h.cycle_limit = get_le32(buf + 8);
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h.dt_ms = get_le32(buf + 12);
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h.project_hash = get_le64(buf + 16);
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h.entry_fn_id = get_le32(buf + 24);
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h.n_globals = get_le32(buf + 28);
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h.n_i = get_le32(buf + 32);
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h.n_q = get_le32(buf + 36);
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h.n_m = get_le32(buf + 40);
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h.n_consts = get_le32(buf + 44);
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h.n_funcs = get_le32(buf + 48);
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h.offset_const = get_le32(buf + 52);
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h.offset_funcs = get_le32(buf + 56);
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h.offset_code = get_le32(buf + 60);
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h.offset_fb = get_le32(buf + 64);
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h.offset_data = get_le32(buf + 68);
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// 段校验（数据段之后是 SHA-256 文件尾；这里仅保证有尾，sha_ok() 做完整性校验）
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if (len < static_cast<size_t>(h.offset_data) + kSha256Size) {
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v.err_ = "missing sha256 tail";
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return v;
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}
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const uint64_t offs[5] = {h.offset_const, h.offset_funcs, h.offset_code, h.offset_fb,
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h.offset_data};
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for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
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if (offs[i] < kHeaderSize || offs[i] > len - kSha256Size) {
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v.err_ = "segment offset out of range";
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return v;
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}
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if (i > 0 && offs[i] < offs[i - 1]) {
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v.err_ = "segment offsets not monotonic";
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return v;
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}
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}
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if (offs[1] - offs[0] != static_cast<uint64_t>(h.n_consts) * kConstEntrySize) {
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v.err_ = "const table size mismatch";
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return v;
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}
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if (offs[2] - offs[1] != static_cast<uint64_t>(h.n_funcs) * kFuncRowSize) {
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v.err_ = "function table size mismatch";
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return v;
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}
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if ((h.offset_fb - h.offset_code) % 4 != 0) {
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v.err_ = "code segment not 4-byte aligned";
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return v;
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}
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if (h.entry_fn_id >= h.n_funcs && h.n_funcs != 0) {
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v.err_ = "entry fn_id out of range";
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return v;
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}
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v.ok_ = true;
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v.err_.clear();
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return v;
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}
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/**
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* @brief 从 vector 构造只读视图。
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* @param buf 映像缓冲（引用 data()，调用方保证生命周期）
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* @return 同 from(const uint8_t*, size_t)
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*/
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Image Image::from(const std::vector<uint8_t>& buf) {
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return from(buf.data(), buf.size());
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}
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/**
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* @brief 读函数表一行。
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* @param i 函数下标
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* @return 该行字段；越界（或校验失败）时全 0
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*/
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FuncRow Image::func_row(size_t i) const {
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FuncRow r;
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if (ok_ && i < hdr_.n_funcs) {
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const uint8_t* p = buf_ + hdr_.offset_funcs + i * kFuncRowSize;
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r.nregs = get_le32(p + 0);
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r.code_offset = get_le32(p + 4);
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r.code_len = get_le32(p + 8);
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}
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return r;
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}
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/**
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* @brief 读常量表一项。
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* @param i 常量下标
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* @return 该条目；越界（或校验失败）时全 0
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*/
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ConstEntry Image::const_entry(size_t i) const {
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ConstEntry e;
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if (ok_ && i < hdr_.n_consts) {
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const uint8_t* p = buf_ + hdr_.offset_const + i * kConstEntrySize;
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e.tag = get_le32(p);
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e.value = get_le64(p + 4);
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}
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return e;
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}
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/**
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* @brief 字节码段起点。
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* @return 段指针；校验失败返回 nullptr
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*/
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const uint8_t* Image::code_bytes() const {
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return ok_ ? buf_ + hdr_.offset_code : nullptr;
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}
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/**
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* @brief 数据段起点。
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* @return 段指针；校验失败返回 nullptr
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*/
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const uint8_t* Image::data_bytes() const {
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return ok_ ? buf_ + hdr_.offset_data : nullptr;
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}
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/**
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* @brief 数据段字节数。
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* @return 段长度（不含 SHA-256 尾）；校验失败返回 0
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*/
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size_t Image::data_len() const {
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return ok_ ? (len_ - kSha256Size) - hdr_.offset_data : 0;
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}
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/**
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* @brief 型号标识字符串。
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* @return 头 @72 起 32 字节，去 '\0' 截断；校验失败返回空串
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*/
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std::string Image::model_id() const {
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if (!ok_) {
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return "";
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}
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std::string s(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(buf_ + 72), kModelIdSize);
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const size_t z = s.find('\0');
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if (z != std::string::npos) {
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s.resize(z);
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}
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return s;
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}
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/**
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* @brief 型号标识是否匹配。
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* @param name 期望型号名（如 "STATOR"）
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* @param version 期望版本（如 1）
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* @return 头内 32 字节与 "name + version" 补零后逐字节相等
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*/
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bool Image::model_matches(const std::string& name, uint32_t version) const {
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char want[kModelIdSize];
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fill_model_id(name, version, want);
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return std::memcmp(buf_ + 72, want, kModelIdSize) == 0;
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}
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/**
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* @brief 文件尾 SHA-256 完整性校验。
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* @return 对 len-32 字节内容算摘要，与文件尾 32 字节相等
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*/
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bool Image::sha_ok() const {
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if (!ok_) {
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return false;
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}
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const size_t content_len = len_ - kSha256Size;
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uint8_t digest[32];
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sha256(buf_, content_len, digest);
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return std::memcmp(buf_ + content_len, digest, 32) == 0;
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}
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} // namespace vm
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